February 7, 2025
Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA): A New Hope for Men Facing Infertility
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Infertility can be a deeply distressing experience for couples, and when the cause lies with the male partner, it can bring about additional emotional challenges. For some men, particularly those with certain types of infertility, conceiving a biological child may seem like an impossible dream. However, advancements in assisted reproductive technology (ART) have brought new hope. One such advancement is Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA), a procedure that offers a chance at fatherhood for men facing specific fertility issues. At Asiri Nova IVF & Fertility Centre, we understand the complexities of male infertility and offer TESA as a viable option for those who may benefit.
Understanding Male Infertility and the Need for TESA
Male infertility can arise from a variety of factors, affecting sperm production, function, or delivery. Some common causes include:
- Azoospermia: This is a condition where there is no sperm in the ejaculate. Azoospermia can be caused by blockages in the reproductive tract (obstructive azoospermia) or by problems with sperm production in the testicles (non-obstructive azoospermia).
- Low Sperm Count (Oligospermia): A low number of sperm in the ejaculate can reduce the chances of fertilization.
- Poor Sperm Motility (Asthenospermia): If sperm cannot swim effectively, they may not be able to reach and fertilize the egg.
- Abnormal Sperm Morphology (Teratospermia): Sperm with an abnormal shape may struggle to fertilize an egg.
In some of these cases, particularly obstructive azoospermia, the testicles may still be producing sperm, but it is unable to be ejaculated. This is where TESA can offer a solution.
What is TESA?
Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to retrieve sperm directly from the testicles. It is typically performed under local anaesthesia and involves a small incision in the scrotum. A needle is then inserted into the testicle to extract tissue, which is then examined under a microscope to identify and collect sperm.
Who is a Candidate for TESA?
TESA is primarily recommended for men with:
- Obstructive Azoospermia: Men with blockages in the vas deferens (the tube that carries sperm from the testicles) or other parts of the reproductive tract. These blockages can be caused by previous vasectomy, infections, or congenital conditions.
- Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: In some cases of non-obstructive azoospermia, where sperm production is severely impaired but not completely absent, TESA may be able to retrieve a small number of sperm.
- Failed Vasectomy Reversal: If a vasectomy reversal is unsuccessful, TESA can be used to retrieve sperm for use in IVF.
The TESA Procedure: What to Expect
The TESA procedure is usually performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you can go home the same day. Here's a general overview of what you can expect:
- Anaesthesia: Local anaesthesia is administered to numb the scrotum and surrounding area.
- Incision: A small incision is made in the scrotum.
- Needle Insertion: A fine needle is inserted into the testicle.
- Tissue Retrieval: Small samples of testicular tissue are extracted.
- Sperm Extraction: The tissue samples are examined under a microscope in the laboratory to locate and collect sperm.
- Closure: The small incision is closed with stitches.
Combining TESA with ICSI
The sperm retrieved through TESA is typically used in conjunction with Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), a specialized form of in vitro fertilization (IVF). ICSI involves injecting a single sperm directly into an egg, which significantly increases the chances of fertilization, especially when the number of retrieved sperm is limited.
Benefits of TESA
- Chance at Biological Fatherhood: TESA offers men with certain types of infertility the opportunity to have a biological child.
- Minimally Invasive: TESA is a minimally invasive procedure with a relatively short recovery time.
- Effective Sperm Retrieval: TESA can effectively retrieve sperm even when it is not present in the ejaculate.
Risks of TESA
Like any medical procedure, TESA carries some potential risks, including:
- Bleeding and Bruising: Some bleeding or bruising at the incision site is possible.
- Infection: There is a small risk of infection.
- Pain or Discomfort: Some pain or discomfort may be experienced after the procedure.
- Insufficient Sperm Retrieval: In some cases, it may not be possible to retrieve enough sperm for ICSI.
TESA at Asiri Nova IVF & Fertility Centre
At Asiri Nova IVF & Fertility Centre, we understand the emotional and physical challenges associated with male infertility. Our experienced fertility specialists are dedicated to providing compassionate and comprehensive care to help men achieve their dream of fatherhood. We offer:
- Expert Team: Our team comprises highly skilled fertility specialists, urologists, and embryologists with extensive experience in male infertility and ART.
- State-of-the-Art Facilities: Our centre is equipped with advanced laboratories and technology to ensure the highest quality of care.
- Personalized Approach: We understand that every patient is unique. We develop personalized treatment plans tailored to each individual's specific needs and circumstances.
- Comprehensive Support: We provide comprehensive support throughout the fertility journey, including counselling and emotional support.
Making the Decision
If you are facing male infertility and are considering TESA, it is important to discuss your options with a qualified fertility specialist. They can assess your individual situation, determine if TESA is right for you, and explain the procedure in detail.
TESA has revolutionized the treatment of male infertility, offering new hope for men who previously had limited options for having biological children. At Asiri Nova IVF & Fertility Centre, we are committed to providing the highest quality care and support to help men overcome infertility challenges and build their families.
